Zero-Waste Cooking: 16 Ways to Repurpose Food Scraps

Food waste isn’t just a crisis—it’s a missed opportunity. With 133 billion pounds discarded annually in the U.S. alone, much of what’s tossed could be transformed into flavorful, functional ingredients.

From whipping up homemade stocks to regrowing fresh greens, these 16 inventive ideas prove your food scraps might just be your kitchen’s untapped secret weapon.

1. Simmer Vegetable Scraps for Homemade Stock

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Save vegetable peels, ends, and trimmings in a freezer bag. When you have 2-3 cups worth, simmer them with water, herbs, and spices for a flavorful, zero-waste vegetable stock. Strain and use as a base for soups, sauces, and more.

2. Grow Fresh Greens from Rootless Veggies

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Regrow fresh greens like lettuce, bok choy, and celery from their root ends. Place the root end in a shallow dish of water, and new leaves will sprout in just 1-2 weeks. Transplant to soil for a continuous supply of fresh greens.

3. Transform Stale Bread into Croutons or Breadcrumbs

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Cube stale bread, toss with olive oil, and bake at 400°F for 10-15 minutes for crunchy, flavorful croutons. Or pulse in a food processor for homemade breadcrumbs. Both are perfect for topping salads and casseroles.

4. Blend Overripe Fruit into Smoothies or Baked Goods

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Overripe bananas, berries, and stone fruits are perfect for blending into smoothies or baking into muffins, breads, and crumbles. Their extra-soft texture and concentrated sweetness enhance the flavor of any recipe.

5. Pickle Watermelon Rinds for a Tangy Snack

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Don’t toss those watermelon rinds! Slice off the green skin, cut into 1-inch pieces, and pickle in a brine of vinegar, sugar, and spices. Enjoy the crunchy, tangy pickles as a snack or condiment.

6. Candy Citrus Peels for a Sweet Treat

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Use a vegetable peeler to remove strips of peel from oranges, lemons, or grapefruits. Boil in a sugar syrup until translucent, then dry and roll in granulated sugar. The chewy, citrusy candied peels make an elegant garnish or sweet snack.

7. Infuse Liquor with Leftover Herbs

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Steep leftover fresh herbs like mint, basil, or rosemary in vodka, gin, or rum. After 3-5 days, strain the infused liquor and use it to mix herbaceous cocktails. It’s like having your own artisanal spirits for a fraction of the price.

8. Freeze Overripe Bananas for Smoothies or Nice Cream

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Peel and slice overripe bananas, then freeze in a single layer on a parchment-lined baking sheet. Once frozen, transfer to a freezer bag. Blend the frozen banana slices into smoothies, or process them into a creamy one-ingredient ice cream.

9. Dry Out Citrus Peels for Zest or Potpourri

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Use a vegetable peeler to remove wide strips of peel from lemons, limes, or oranges. Arrange on a baking sheet and dry in a 200°F oven for 2-3 hours until brittle. Grind the dried peels into citrus zest, or display in a bowl for a fragrant potpourri.

10. Make Crispy Potato Peel Chips

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Instead of peeling potatoes straight into the trash, collect the peels on a baking sheet. Toss with oil and seasonings, then bake at 400°F for 10-12 minutes until crispy. Enjoy the crunchy, savory potato skin chips as a snack or garnish.

11. Whip Aquafaba into Vegan Meringues or Mayonnaise

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The leftover liquid from canned chickpeas, known as aquafaba, is a magic ingredient. Whip it with sugar to make vegan meringues, or use it as an egg replacement in homemade mayonnaise or baked goods.

12. Steep Leftover Ginger Peels for Tea

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After peeling fresh ginger, save the papery skins. Steep them in boiling water for 5-10 minutes for a spicy, invigorating ginger tea. The peels contain the same healthy compounds as the ginger itself.

13. Blend Beet Greens into Pestos or Sauces

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Don’t toss those leafy beet tops! Blend the greens with olive oil, garlic, nuts, and cheese for a vibrant pesto, or sauté and puree into a silky sauce for pasta. Beet greens are mild in flavor and packed with nutrients.

14. Infuse Vinegar with Fruit Scraps

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Fill a jar with fruit scraps like strawberry tops, peach pits, or pineapple cores. Cover with vinegar and let steep for 1-2 weeks, then strain. The infused vinegars add a fruity tang to salad dressings, sauces, and shrubs.

15. Turn Tomato Trimmings into Bloody Mary Mix

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Save tomato trimmings and any extra tomato juice in a jar in the fridge. When you have 1-2 cups, blend with horseradish, lemon juice, and spices for a fresh Bloody Mary mix. Perfect for weekend brunch!

16. Dehydrate Fruit & Veggie Peels for Seasonings

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Arrange clean, dry peels from fruits and veggies like apples, beets, or carrots on dehydrator trays. Dehydrate at 135°F for 6-8 hours until brittle. Grind the dried peels into a powder to use as a natural food coloring or seasoning blend.

Source:
1. US Department of Agriculture

nancy
Author & Editor | + posts

Nancy has been a plant person from an early age. That interest blossomed into a bachelor’s in biology from Elmira College and a master’s degree in horticulture and communications from the University of Kentucky. Nancy worked in plant taxonomy at the University of Florida and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium at Cornell University, and wrote and edited gardening books at Rodale Press in Emmaus, PA. Her interests are plant identification, gardening, hiking, and reading.