Trees are more than just the green giants we pass by every day. They hold stories, secrets, and even danger.
Here, we discover trees that are far from ordinary. These trees are so amazing, they’ve inspired legends, changed history, and even put lives at risk.
1. Wollemi Pine (Wollemia nobilis): The Living Fossil
Discovered in 1994 in a remote gorge of Wollemi National Park, Australia, this ancient tree species was thought to be extinct for millions of years. It belongs to the Araucariaceae family, which dates back to the time of the dinosaurs. This makes this species a “living fossil” that has survived relatively unchanged for millions of years.
Wollemi pines have a distinctive appearance with multiple trunks and fern-like foliage. Their bark has a unique bubbly texture.
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Wollemi pines have been successfully propagated through cuttings and seeds, and are now available for cultivation in gardens and parks around the world. This helps to ensure the survival of this ancient and remarkable tree.
Listed as critically endangered, fewer than 100 adult trees exist in the wild. Extensive conservation efforts are underway to protect and propagate the species.(ref) Furthermore, the discovery of the Wollemi pine was a major botanical event, which encouraged the conservation of biodiversity and protection of Earth’s remaining wild species.
2. Manchineel (Hippomane mancinella): The Deadly Canopy
The Manchineel tree is native to the coastal regions of the Caribbean, Florida, Central America, and northern South America.
This tree is considered one of the most poisonous trees in the world. Every part of it, from the sap to the fruit, is highly toxic. Even standing under the tree during rain can cause severe skin irritation and burns due to the dripping sap.(ref)
Due to its toxicity, the manchineel has been used historically for poison arrows. It’s also been used in traditional medicine, but with extreme caution.(ref)
The Manchineel’s infamy has been documented throughout history, with numerous explorers and naturalists recounting harrowing experiences with its potent toxins. During James Cook’s final voyage, William Ellis, the ship’s surgeon, documented an unfortunate incident involving the manchineel tree. A group of men sent ashore to gather wood unknowingly felled several manchineel trees. The tree’s sap splashed into their eyes, causing temporary blindness for several days.(ref)
Despite its deadly nature, the manchineel is an attractive tree with glossy green leaves, small greenish-yellow flowers, and sweet-smelling fruit that resembles small apples. While not currently endangered, the manchineel faces threats from habitat loss due to coastal development and climate change.
The Guinness World Records officially recognizes this tree as the most dangerous in the world.(ref)
3. Coco de Mer (Lodoicea maldivica): The World’s Biggest Seeds
Coco de mer palms are endemic to the Seychelles islands, specifically Praslin and Curieuse. Due to their rarity and unique appearance, the seeds have been historically sought after by collectors and royalty, sometimes mounted in gold.
The coco de mer holds a significant place in the culture of the Seychelles, appearing on the national emblem and serving as a symbol of the islands’ natural heritage.(ref)
The coco de mer palm produces the largest and heaviest seeds of any plant in the world. These seeds can weigh up to 66 pounds and take several years to mature.
The seeds have a distinctive double-lobed shape, often resembling a woman’s buttocks. This has led to various myths and legends surrounding their supposed aphrodisiac properties.
Listed as endangered, the coco de mer faces threats from habitat loss, overharvesting of seeds, and invasive species. Strict conservation measures are in place to protect this iconic plant. The coco de mer was once thought to grow under the sea, giving rise to its name, which means “coconut of the sea” in French.
Davin is a jack-of-all-trades but has professional training and experience in various home and garden subjects. He leans on other experts when needed and edits and fact-checks all articles.