Cats are beloved companions in millions of households worldwide, with over 46 million owned in the United States alone.1
As a cat owner, you know your feline friend’s quirks and habits better than anyone. But sometimes, subtle changes in their behavior can signal that something’s not quite right.
Sudden behavioral shifts may indicate an underlying health issue or emotional distress. Ignoring these red flags could lead to more serious problems down the line.
Here are 10 key behavioral changes every cat owner should be aware of.
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1. Sudden Aggression or Irritability
If your usually friendly feline suddenly starts lashing out, hissing, or biting, it could be a sign that they’re in pain or feeling unwell. Cats are masters at hiding discomfort, so even subtle changes in temperament shouldn’t be ignored.
Arthritis, dental issues, and urinary tract infections are just a few of the many health problems that can cause irritability in cats.
In some cases, aggression may also stem from anxiety or stress. Major life changes like moving homes, welcoming a new pet or family member, or even rearranging furniture can upset your cat’s sense of security.
If you suspect your cat’s aggression is emotionally rooted, try to identify and address potential stressors in their environment. Providing extra hiding spots, perches, and playtime can help them feel more at ease.
2. Excessive Vocalization
While some cats are naturally chattier than others, a sudden increase in meowing, yowling, or other vocalizations can be cause for concern.
Older cats with cognitive decline or vision loss may meow more frequently due to confusion and disorientation. Excessive vocalization can also indicate pain, hunger, thirst, or anxiety.
If your cat’s meowing keeps you up at night or becomes incessant throughout the day, it’s time to consult your vet. They can help rule out any underlying medical issues and provide guidance on addressing the root cause of the behavior.
In the meantime, try to keep a consistent routine and ensure your cat has plenty of mental stimulation through play and enrichment activities.
3. Changes in Sleeping Patterns
Cats are notorious nappers, typically snoozing for 16-18 hours a day. However, if you notice your cat sleeping more than usual or having difficulty getting comfortable, it could signal an underlying health problem.
Arthritis, for example, can make it painful for cats to find a cozy position, leading to restless nights and increased daytime sleeping.
On the flip side, if your cat seems restless or unable to settle down, it may be experiencing anxiety or stress. Creating a calm, predictable environment with plenty of cozy sleeping spots can help ease their worries.
If the change in sleeping habits is sudden or accompanied by other symptoms like lethargy or loss of appetite, schedule a checkup with your vet to identify any potential medical causes.
4. Decreased Grooming or Over-Grooming
Fastidious groomers by nature, cats typically spend a significant portion of their day keeping themselves clean.
If you notice your cat’s coat looking unkempt, greasy, or matted, it could indicate they’re struggling to groom themselves due to pain, obesity, or dental issues. Arthritis, for instance, can make it difficult for cats to reach certain areas of their body.
Conversely, some cats may begin over-grooming as a coping mechanism for stress or anxiety. Compulsive licking, chewing, or pulling out fur can lead to bald patches and skin irritation.
If you notice any changes in your cat’s grooming habits, consult your vet to determine the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
5. Litter Box Issues
If your usually fastidious feline starts eliminating outside the litter box, it’s essential to take notice.
Urinary tract infections, kidney disease, and digestive issues can all cause litter box avoidance. Additionally, arthritis or mobility problems may make it painful for your cat to climb in and out of the box.
Behavioral factors like stress, anxiety, or dissatisfaction with the litter type or box location can also contribute to inappropriate elimination. Ensure you have one litter box per cat plus an extra, and keep them in quiet, easily accessible areas.
If the problem persists despite environmental changes, schedule a vet visit to rule out any medical concerns.
6. Appetite Changes
Both increases and decreases in appetite can signal potential health problems in cats.
Sudden weight loss, despite a normal or increased appetite, may indicate hyperthyroidism or diabetes. On the other hand, a decreased appetite can be a sign of dental pain, digestive issues, or more serious illnesses like kidney disease or cancer.
If you notice any changes in your cat’s eating habits, monitor their food intake closely and schedule a vet checkup.
Sudden weight changes, even if they seem minor, should always be investigated. Your vet can perform diagnostic tests to identify the underlying cause and recommend an appropriate course of treatment.
7. Increased Thirst
If you find yourself refilling your cat’s water bowl more frequently than usual, it’s time to take notice. Increased thirst and urination can be early signs of kidney disease, diabetes, or hyperthyroidism. These conditions can cause serious health complications if left untreated.
While some cats may naturally drink more water during hot weather or after exercise, a sudden and persistent increase in thirst should never be ignored. Keep track of your cat’s water intake and mention any changes to your vet during their next checkup.
Early detection and treatment can help manage these conditions and improve your cat’s quality of life.
8. Hiding or Withdrawal
Cats are independent creatures, but they still enjoy socializing with their human companions.
If your usually friendly feline starts hiding more often or seems withdrawn, it could be a sign that they’re not feeling well. Pain, illness, and stress can all cause cats to seek out quiet, secluded spots.
While it’s normal for cats to enjoy some alone time, sudden changes in sociability shouldn’t be ignored.
If your cat seems reluctant to interact or becomes aggressive when approached, schedule a vet visit to rule out any underlying health issues. Creating a calm, stress-free environment with plenty of hiding spots and perches can also help your cat feel more secure.
9. Difficulty Jumping or Climbing
Cats are natural acrobats, effortlessly leaping onto counters and scaling cat trees.
If you notice your feline friend hesitating before jumping or struggling to reach their favorite perches, it could be a sign of arthritis or other mobility issues. Older cats are particularly susceptible to joint pain and stiffness.
If your cat’s jumping and climbing abilities seem to be declining, make an appointment with your vet.
They can perform a physical exam and recommend treatments like pain medication, joint supplements, or lifestyle modifications to help keep your cat comfortable and active. Providing low-sided litter boxes, step stools, and soft bedding can also make it easier for your cat to navigate their environment.
10. Changes in Breathing
Rapid, shallow, or labored breathing should always be treated as a medical emergency in cats.
Respiratory distress can be a sign of serious health problems like asthma, heart disease, or lung infections. If you notice your cat struggling to breathe, panting excessively, or making unusual respiratory noises, seek veterinary care immediately.
Even subtle changes in breathing patterns shouldn’t be ignored. If your cat seems to be breathing more rapidly than usual or making wheezing sounds, schedule a vet visit as soon as possible. Early detection and treatment of respiratory issues can help prevent more serious complications down the line.
By staying attuned to your cat’s behavior and acting quickly when changes occur, you can help ensure your feline friend stays healthy and happy for years to come.
Remember, you know your cat best – trust your instincts and don’t hesitate to seek veterinary care if something seems off. With a little vigilance and lots of love, you can give your cat the best possible quality of life.
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Davin is a jack-of-all-trades but has professional training and experience in various home and garden subjects. He leans on other experts when needed and edits and fact-checks all articles.