Alaskan Malamutes, Siberian Huskies, and Samoyeds are all stunning spitz-type dogs that originated as arctic working breeds.
While they may look similar at first glance with their thick fur coats and wolf-like appearances, there are some key differences between Malamutes, Huskies, and Samoyeds.
Choosing the right breed for you depends on your lifestyle and what you’re looking for in a canine companion.
Appearance & Physical Characteristics
Size
One of the most noticeable differences between Malamutes, Huskies, and Samoyeds is their size.
Malamutes are the largest, standing 23-25 inches tall and weighing 75-85 pounds. They have a broad, powerful chest and muscular, stocky build made for strength and sturdiness.
Huskies are more moderate in size at 20-24 inches and 35-60 pounds with a leaner, more nimble body for speed and agility.
Samoyeds are in between at 19-24 inches and 35-65 pounds with a compact, muscular frame.
Coats
All three breeds have impressive double coats for protection against extreme cold. The Malamute’s coat is thick and coarse, about 1-2 inches long. Huskies have a smooth, medium-length coat. Samoyeds take the cake with a heavy, stand-off outer coat up to 6 inches long and a dense, wooly undercoat.
Coat colors also distinguish these breeds. Malamutes come in a range of colors and patterns including gray, black, sable, and red with white. Huskies are typically black, gray or red with white markings. Samoyeds are almost always pure white, sometimes with a light biscuit tinge.
Other Physical Traits
Eye color is another differentiator. Malamutes and Samoyeds have dark brown eyes, while Huskies’ eyes can be striking shades of icy blue, bi-eyed with one blue and one brown, or dark brown.
Malamutes and Huskies both have a sickle-shaped tail that curves up over the back, while Samoyeds have a heavily plumed tail curled over the back and draped to one side.
Grooming Needs
If you’re looking for a low-shedding, hypoallergenic breed, none of these are the right choice. Malamutes, Huskies, and Samoyeds are all heavy shedders that “blow coat” once or twice a year. Regular brushing is a must to keep shedding under control.
Due to their pure white coat, Samoyeds may need more frequent baths to stay looking their best. But take care not to over-bathe any of these breeds, as it can dry out their skin and strip their coat of protective oils.
Temperament & Personality
What are these snow dogs like to live with? Are they couch potatoes or furry bundles of energy?
Family Friendliness
All three breeds can make great family companions when raised with positive training methods and plenty of socialization:
- Malamutes are affectionate but independent. They’re patient with kids but may accidentally knock over toddlers due to their large size. Consistent training is a must.
- Huskies are gentle, friendly, and great with children. But their high energy level can be overwhelming for very young kids.
- Samoyeds are playful, patient, and loving with everyone they meet. They thrive on human interaction and make wonderful family pets.
Social Needs
Think carefully about how a new dog will fit in with your current pets:
- Malamutes can be aloof with strangers and dog-aggressive, especially with same-sex dogs. (ref) Early socialization is critical.
- Huskies are very friendly and social, but have a high prey drive. They may view smaller dogs and cats as something to chase.
- Samoyeds are outgoing and good with other dogs when socialized properly. They tend to love everyone they meet!
Exercise & Training
These working breeds need plenty of daily exercise to be happy and well-behaved. Think carefully about your activity level and schedule before choosing one.
- Malamutes have moderate exercise needs and enjoy a daily walk or hike. They also excel at weight pulling and backpacking. Training can be challenging due to their independent nature.
- Huskies are extremely high-energy and need at least an hour or two of daily vigorous exercise. (ref) If you love running, hiking, and biking, a Husky will be your ideal workout buddy. They can be stubborn and are not known for having good recall due to their prey drive.
- Samoyeds are active and energetic, but not quite as much as Huskies. They need a long daily walk or play session and enjoy participating in dog sports. Samoyeds are intelligent, eager to please, and highly trainable.
Which Breed Is Right for You?
The Alaskan Malamute is the athlete of the group, perfect for experienced dog owners who want a hardworking, powerful companion for sledding, weight pulling, backpacking, and other strenuous activities. Malamutes are ideal for rural or suburban homes with room to roam in colder climates.
The Siberian Husky is the energetic entertainer, always up for an adventure or game. Huskies make excellent jogging and hiking partners for active singles or families with older children.
While they can adapt to most climates, they love cooler weather and need shade in the heat.
The Samoyed is the smiling, sociable charmer that loves being the center of attention. Samoyeds thrive in active households with plenty of playtime and togetherness.
Their gentle, friendly nature shines with kids, and they enjoy having other dogs to play with. Samoyeds tolerate most climates but prefer cooler temperatures.
When deciding between a Malamute, Husky, or Samoyed, consider your living situation, exercise habits, grooming tolerance, and training experience. These regal arctic dogs can be a handful, but with the right match, they will shower you with love, loyalty, and laughter as your devoted adventure buddy.
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Davin is a jack-of-all-trades but has professional training and experience in various home and garden subjects. He leans on other experts when needed and edits and fact-checks all articles.