One study found that gabapentin significantly reduced postoperative pain in dogs undergoing mastectomy. It showed that it decreased seizure frequency in dogs with epilepsy when used in combination with other anticonvulsants.¹ And research suggests it also may help relieve anxiety in stressed dogs.²
This little-known drug could be the key to transforming your dog’s well-being. Here’s how gabapentin works and if it might be right for your pup.
What Is Gabapentin & How Does it Work?
Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant and analgesic drug that works by blocking certain calcium channels in the brain, which can help reduce the overstimulation of neurons that leads to seizures, pain, and anxiety.
It’s structurally similar to the neurotransmitter GABA but doesn’t interact with GABA receptors.
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Instead, it binds to a specific subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, modulating the release of excitatory neurotransmitters like glutamate.
Gabapentin for Managing Pain in Dogs
One of the most common uses of gabapentin in dogs is for managing chronic pain, particularly neuropathic pain that originates from nerve damage or dysfunction. It’s often used in combination with other pain medications like NSAIDs or opioids.
Studies have shown that gabapentin can be effective in treating pain associated with conditions like osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc disease, and cancer in dogs.
It may help reduce the need for other pain medications and improve mobility and quality of life.
Controlling Seizures with Gabapentin
Gabapentin is also used as an adjunctive therapy for controlling seizures in dogs, usually in combination with other anticonvulsant medications. It’s particularly useful for dogs with refractory seizures that aren’t well-controlled by conventional therapies.
While there aren’t many studies on gabapentin’s efficacy for seizures in dogs specifically, it has been shown to reduce seizure frequency when used in conjunction with phenobarbital or potassium bromide.
It may be a good option for dogs who can’t tolerate the side effects of other anticonvulsants.
Easing Anxiety with Gabapentin
In addition to its pain-relieving and anticonvulsant properties, gabapentin is increasingly being used to help manage anxiety in dogs. It’s often prescribed for situational anxiety related to things like vet visits, grooming, or travel.
Gabapentin reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain, which can help calm an overstimulated nervous system.
It’s usually given as a single dose a few hours before the anticipated stressful event, and many owners report that it helps their dogs feel more relaxed and less fearful.
Is Gabapentin Safe for Dogs?
While gabapentin is generally considered safe for dogs, it’s important to use it under the guidance of a veterinarian. The most common side effects are sedation and incoordination, which usually subside as the dog adjusts to the medication.
It’s also important to use a formulation appropriate for dogs, as some human liquid preparations contain xylitol, an artificial sweetener that is toxic to dogs.
Your vet can help you find a safe and effective dose and formulation for your dog’s needs.
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Davin is a jack-of-all-trades but has professional training and experience in various home and garden subjects. He leans on other experts when needed and edits and fact-checks all articles.