From loyal companions to skilled hunters, dogs have played an integral role in human society for centuries. Each breed has its unique history, often reflected in its name.
Have you ever wondered about the stories behind some of the most popular dog breeds? Here are nine popular dog breeds and how they got their names:
1. Poodle
Poodles were originally bred as skilled hunting companions. They retrieved birds from dense woods, marshes, and lakes. Their iconic haircuts served a practical purpose, alleviating the heaviness of wet fur while keeping vital areas warm.
The name “poodle” likely has ties to water, deriving from the German word “pudeln,” meaning “to splash about”. Poodles have long been regarded as the national dog of France, where they were called “Caniche,” derived from “chien canard,” meaning “duck dog”.
2. Jack Russell Terrier
The Jack Russell Terrier owes its name to Reverend John “Jack” Russell, a fox terrier enthusiast in the 1800s. Russell bred these dogs with shorter legs specifically for hunting foxes in the hilly region where he lived.
Two separate breeds, the Jack Russell Terrier and the Parson Russell Terrier, are named after Reverend Russell, showcasing his lasting impact on these spirited and agile hunting companions.
3. Basset Hound
Basset Hounds can be traced back to 6th-century France, likely descending from the St. Hubert Hounds kept in monasteries. Their long ears and droopy faces have made them an endearing and instantly recognizable breed.
The name “Basset” comes from the French word “bas,” meaning “low,” referring to the breed’s signature short-legged stature. This low-to-the-ground build allowed them to track ground prey successfully as hunting companions.
4. Schnauzer
Schnauzers were named for their prominent snouts, which set them apart from other breeds and contributed to their charming appearance. The German word “schnauzer” translates to “snouter” or “snout,” describing the breed’s distinctive mustache-like jaw hair. “Schnauzer” can also refer to mustaches.
5. Shih Tzu
Shih Tzus have a royal history, serving as cherished companion dogs to Chinese nobility for centuries before gaining worldwide popularity. The Chinese name “Shih Tzu” translates to “lion dog” in English. This name has roots in Tibetan legends about Buddha Manjuri transforming small dogs into lions for protection.
6. Siberian Husky
The Siberian Husky originated in northeastern Asia, bred by the Chukchi people for sledding and companionship. The name “Husky” is derived from the nickname “Esky,” once applied to the Eskimo people who inhabited the northern regions.
They gained worldwide fame during the 1925 serum run to Nome, where teams of these resilient dogs traveled over 600 miles in harsh conditions to deliver life-saving diphtheria antitoxin to the town.
7. Dachshund
Dachshunds, often called “wiener dogs,” have a name that reflects their unique shape and original purpose. “Dachshund” is a German word meaning “badger dog,” as these long-bodied, short-legged dogs were bred to hunt badgers and other burrowing animals.
Their elongated bodies allowed them to easily navigate through narrow underground tunnels, while their tenacious nature made them fearless in the face of their prey.
8. Pembroke Welsh Corgi
The Pembroke Welsh Corgi, known for its adorable appearance and association with Queen Elizabeth II, has a name rooted in the Welsh language and history. “Corgi” is derived from the Welsh words “cor,” meaning dwarf, and “gi,” meaning dog, translating to “dwarf dog”.
These low-to-the-ground herding dogs were prized for their ability to nip at the heels of cattle, keeping them in line without the risk of being kicked.
9. German Shepherd
Despite their name, German Shepherds were not originally bred to herd sheep. Instead, they were developed in Germany in the late 19th century as an all-purpose working dog, prized for their intelligence, loyalty, and versatility.
The breed’s name, “German Shepherd,” was officially recognized by the UK Kennel Club in 1977, while in many other countries, they are known as “Alsatians,” a name adopted after World War I to distance the breed from its German origins.
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Davin is a jack-of-all-trades but has professional training and experience in various home and garden subjects. He leans on other experts when needed and edits and fact-checks all articles.