Columbines, the enchanting wildflowers that grace gardens and mountainsides, have captivated hearts and minds for centuries. These perennials can thrive at elevations up to 10,000 feet, showcasing their resilience and adaptability.1
But beyond their beauty lies rich symbolism and meaning that has evolved over time. From ancient myths to modern-day interpretations, columbines have been associated with a wide range of virtues and emotions, from foolishness and innocence to strength and protection.
The Origins of Columbine Symbolism
The columbine’s symbolism is rooted in its unique appearance and etymology. Its Latin name, Aquilegia, translates to “eagle,” as the spurred petals resemble an eagle’s talons.
However, the common name “columbine” is derived from the Latin word “columba,” meaning “dove,” because the inverted flower resembles a cluster of five doves. (ref)
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Throughout history, various cultures have attributed different meanings to the columbine. In Greek mythology, it was associated with Aphrodite, the goddess of love.
Christians believed that the columbine symbolized the seven gifts of the Holy Spirit, including wisdom, strength, and piety.
The Columbine as a Symbol of Foolishness & Innocence
One of the most enduring meanings of the columbine is foolishness. The flower’s shape is said to resemble a court jester’s hat, leading to its association with folly. In Shakespeare’s “Hamlet,” Ophelia mentions columbines in reference to foolishness. (ref)
Conversely, the columbine also symbolizes innocence and purity. According to legend, columbines sprung up wherever the Virgin Mary’s shoes touched the ground, representing her innocence.
This duality of foolishness and innocence adds to the columbine’s enigmatic charm.
The Columbine as a Symbol of Fortitude & Protection
Despite its delicate appearance, the columbine is a hardy flower that thrives in challenging environments. Its ability to grow at high altitudes and in partial shade has earned it a reputation as a symbol of fortitude and endurance.
The columbine is also believed to offer protection against evil. In medieval times, it was used to ward off negative energies and malevolent forces.
This protective quality makes the columbine a meaningful gift for those embarking on new adventures or facing difficulties.
The Columbine in Art & Literature
The columbine’s beauty and symbolism have inspired artists and writers throughout history.
In the aftermath of the tragic Columbine High School shooting, artist Makoto Fujimura found solace in painting white columbines, which he saw as a symbol of fragility and the presence of the Holy Spirit amidst darkness. (ref)
The columbine’s appearance in literature, such as Shakespeare’s works, has cemented its place in cultural consciousness. Its varied meanings and associations continue to captivate readers and viewers alike.
Embracing the Columbine’s Many Meanings
The columbine flower’s rich symbolism invites us to contemplate the complexities of life.
Its dual nature, representing both foolishness and innocence, reminds us of the importance of maintaining a childlike wonder while navigating the world with wisdom. Its resilience and protective qualities inspire us to face challenges with courage and grace.
Whether you encounter columbines in the wild or cultivate them in your garden, take a moment to appreciate their delicate beauty and the profound meanings they carry. Let the columbine be a reminder to embrace life’s contradictions, find strength in adversity, and cherish the gifts of innocence and love.
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Nancy has been a plant person from an early age. That interest blossomed into a bachelor’s in biology from Elmira College and a master’s degree in horticulture and communications from the University of Kentucky. Nancy worked in plant taxonomy at the University of Florida and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium at Cornell University, and wrote and edited gardening books at Rodale Press in Emmaus, PA. Her interests are plant identification, gardening, hiking, and reading.