Start with the base: Warm the olive oil in a medium pot over medium heat. Add the diced shallots with a pinch of salt and sauté them until softened, about 5 minutes.
Prepare the aromatics: As the shallots cook, finely mince 4 garlic cloves. Stir the chopped garlic, grated ginger, garam masala, turmeric, and cumin into the pot, cooking for about a minute until the spices become fragrant.
Cook the lentils: Add the lentils, 4 ½ cups of water, the dried chile, and 1 teaspoon of salt to the pot. Bring everything to a boil, then lower the heat to medium-low. Allow the lentils to simmer uncovered for 30 to 60 minutes, depending on their freshness, stirring occasionally. If the mixture becomes too dry, add water ½ cup at a time to maintain a stew-like texture. Taste the lentils and add more salt if needed. Keep the pot covered to retain warmth after cooking.
Make the yogurt sauce: In a small mixing bowl, combine the plain yogurt with the last garlic clove, finely grated. Season the yogurt sauce with salt and pepper to taste, and set it aside.
Poach the eggs: Fill a wide pot with water, salt it lightly, and bring it to a gentle simmer. Crack an egg into a small cup, then carefully slide it into the simmering water. Repeat this process for the remaining eggs. If necessary, cook the eggs in batches to prevent overcrowding. Let the eggs poach for 2 to 3 minutes, until the yolks are semi-soft. Use a slotted spoon to remove the eggs and transfer them to a plate lined with paper towels to drain.
Serve the dish: Spoon the cooked lentils into warmed serving bowls. Gently place 1 or 2 poached eggs on top of each portion. Add a dollop of the garlicky yogurt sauce, drizzle some olive oil, and garnish with fresh cilantro leaves and a sprinkle of red chile flakes. Serve immediately and enjoy!