Inspect and Prepare Beans: Spread the beans on a baking sheet and remove any debris, such as small stones or damaged beans.
Soak the Beans: Transfer the beans to a large Dutch oven or heavy stockpot, covering them with water by about 2 inches. Allow them to soak overnight. For a quicker option, bring the beans and water to a boil over high heat, then turn off the heat, cover the pot, and let them sit for 1 hour.
Rinse and Refill: After soaking, drain the beans and replace the water in the pot, ensuring the beans are again covered by about 2 inches of fresh water.
Cook the Beans: Bring the beans to a boil, then reduce the heat and let them simmer partially covered. Cook for 1½ to 2 hours, or until the beans are tender. If needed, add extra hot water during cooking to keep the beans submerged.
Reserve Liquid and Drain: Once the beans are tender, reserve 1½ cups of the cooking liquid and drain the beans.
Prepare the Flavor Base: Clean the pot and place it on low heat. Add the olive oil, chopped garlic, rosemary, and thyme sprigs. Stir gently, cooking the mixture for 2 to 3 minutes, or until the garlic softens but does not become crispy.
Combine Beans and Flavor: Add the drained beans to the pot along with half of the reserved cooking liquid and 1½ teaspoons of kosher salt. Stir to combine, then simmer for an additional 15 minutes, stirring occasionally.
Adjust Consistency: Taste the beans and adjust the seasoning with more salt, if needed. For a creamier consistency, incorporate additional reserved cooking liquid.
Serve or Store: Serve the beans warm as a side dish, a spread, or part of a main course. Leftovers can be stored in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to one week.